阅读以下段落，回答问题：
The popularity of plant-based diets has grown substantially in recent decades, driven by a mix of health, environmental, and ethical concerns. Health-focused adopters cite studies linking reduced meat consumption to lower risks of heart disease and type 2 diabetes, while environmental advocates highlight that livestock farming contributes to a significant portion of global greenhouse gas emissions. Ethical supporters, meanwhile, emphasize the need to minimize animal suffering in food production. However, critics point out potential nutritional gaps in strict plant-based diets, such as insufficient vitamin B12 and iron absorption, which may require careful meal planning or supplementation. They also note that for some communities, access to affordable, nutrient-dense plant foods remains limited, making such diets less feasible.
It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes plant-based diets:
A. Are universally beneficial for both individuals and the environment
B. Require practical adjustments to address potential drawbacks
C. Should be avoided due to nutritional risks and accessibility issues
D. Are more suitable for health-conscious people than ethical consumers
解析：
本题考查基于段落内容的推理判断，核心在于捕捉作者对核心话题的隐含态度及逻辑倾向，避免过度推断或片面解读。
- 段落先分维度阐述植物性饮食流行的原因（健康、环境、伦理），再通过 “However” 转折引出批评者观点：存在营养缺口（如维生素 B12、铁吸收不足）和获取障碍（部分群体难以获得平价营养植物食材）。需注意作者未直接否定植物性饮食，而是客观呈现 “优势” 与 “问题” 的对立。
- 选项 B “Require practical adjustments to address potential drawbacks”（需通过实际调整解决潜在缺陷）符合推理逻辑：文中提到 “营养缺口需精心规划膳食或补充剂”“部分群体面临食材获取问题”，隐含 “需针对性调整以规避问题” 的结论，且未绝对化表述，与作者客观中立的立场一致。
- 干扰项 A（普遍有益）与 “存在营养缺口、获取障碍” 矛盾，属于绝对化表述；C（应避免）过度放大批评者观点，作者未否定植物性饮食的价值，仅指出问题；D（更适合健康关注者）无依据，文中健康、伦理等支持理由是并列关系，未比较适配度。解题关键在于结合 “优势 – 问题” 的对比结构，推断作者对 “如何合理推行植物性饮食” 的隐含看法，而非单一立场。
答案：B